Author: (Roxburgh) Harms
Roxburgh, Pl. Corom. 3 (1820) 84, t. 286
Morphological description
Lofty tree . Growth flush-wise, flushes developing from large buds. Buds covered by 2-ranked, brown, caducous budscales with lengthwise veins; new leaves developing in bright white or pink tassels. Stipules present in the buds, very tender, caducous immediately after the unfolding of the bud, leaving hardly any scar.
Leaves paripinnate, 2- or 3-jugate (polyandra Maniltoa lv/fl TFB ); rachis 5 cm and petiole 0.5 cm, both puberulous. Leaflets opposite, ovate-oblong,or oblong, 3.5-6 by 1.5-2.5 cm, apex emarginate; midrib 7-15(-20) mm from the upper margin, hairy below, glabrescent.
Rachis of the inflorescence 7-10 mm, tomentose; bracts 2-6 mm long, puberulous, glabrescent; bracteoles 4.5-6 mm, inserted at 1-5 mm above the base of the pedicels ; pedicels 11-25 mm, tomentose.
Flowers: (polyandra Maniltoa fl LCV20 1-2 ; polyandra Maniltoa lv/fl TFB ).Hypanthium 1 mm deep. Sepals 5.5-7 mm, glabrous or tomentose near the apex. Petals 6-8 mm. Disk absent. Stamens c. 50, shortly connate at base over 0.25 mm, villous or glabrous (even in one flower); filaments 10-13 mm; anthers apiculate. Ovary woolly-villous; stipe 1 mm, obliquely inserted off the centre of the hypanthium and adnate to it; style 5-7 mm.
Fruits (polyandra Maniltoa pod FOL004 )5.5-6 by 3.5-4 by 1-1.5 cm, glabrous, rough, smooth.
Note
Soerianegara et al. (1993: 153) expressed the opinion that this species occupies an intermediate position between Genus Maniltoa and Genus Cynometra and, therefore, doubt the distinctness of the two genera. In the characters by which the two genera are distinguished, the present species is, however, not at all intermediate but does clearly belong to Maniltoa .
a. Maniltoa polyandra (Roxburgh) Harms var. polyandra
Description
Fruits 5.6-6 by 3.5-4 by 1-1.5 cm, glabrous, smooth.
Distribution
India, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia; Malesia: Penang Island.
Habitat
In forests at 1300 m.
b. Maniltoa polyandra (Roxburgh) Harms var. kurzii (Prain) Knaap-van Meeuwen
Description
Leaves as in typical variety.
Pod very rugose even in mature state, 6 by 3-4.5 cm, flat, with a pronounced beak.
Distribution
Burma; Malesia: Malaya (Penang Island).
Notes
1. For the specimens of var. kurzii , Prain (1897: 200, 479) distinctly cited Kurz's collection under Penang and stated that the only fruiting specimen of this variety 'has been obtained .... by Kurz alone'. Knaap-van Meeuwen (1970: 44) chose the type and cited it as 'Kurz s. n., loc. Govt. [as Gort.] Hill, Apl. 1890 (lectotype in CAL, no isotypes seen)' and also cited it under the distribution as from Burma. Kurz died in Penang in 1878 [cf. Fl. Males. I, 1, (1950) 305a]. The data on the locality and date as quoted above belong to a collection made by Curtis.