Author: Roxb.
KEY TO SUBSPECIES
a. Buds globose to ovoid; filaments longer than petals; style glabrous in upper half.
............ Bauhinia integrifolia integrifolia.
b. Buds ovoid to ellipsoid; filaments shorter than petals; style hairy.
........ Bauhinia integrifolia cumingiana.
a. Bauhinia integrifolia Roxb. subsp. integrifolia
Morphological description (see also description of Genus Bauhinia ; Subgenus Phanera and Section Phanera )
Large tendrilled climber; young branches rusty woolly and grooved.
Leaves: stipules minute, rounded, early caducous; petioles rusty puberulous, 1-5 cm; lamina (integrifolia Bauhinia lv139505) broadly ovate to orbicular, up to 15 cm; 9-11-nerved; entire to emarginate or shallowly bifid with a wide, deltoid sinus; tip of lobes acute to obtuse; base deeply cordate; upper surface glabrous, glossy, lower first puberulous, later glabrous except sometimes on the nerves.
Inflorescence (integrifolia Bauh infl 386334) multiflowered, ± dense panicles composed of corymbose racemes, axis rusty pubescent; pedicels slender, up to 3 cm; bracts narrowly lanceolate, up to 3 mm; bracteoles minute, (usually) inserted about the middle of the pedicel.
Flowers: (glauca Bauhinia fl/lvs 386523; integrifolia Bauhinia lf/fl FT9) Buds globose to ovoid with acute apex, 3-4 mm diameter. Hypanthium tubular, striate, puberulous, 2-4 mm. Calyx splitting into 2 (or 3) reflexed lobes. Petals unequal, orange turning red, obovate, tapering towards the short claw, 8-15 mm, margin crenulate, outside densely rusty-hirsute. Stamens 3 fertile, filaments filiform, hairy at base, slightly longer than petals; anthers ellipsoid, c. 1 mm, opening by a longitudinal slit; staminodes 2, minute. Ovary subsessile, rusty woolly; style in upper 2/3 glabrous; stigma capitate.
Pollen integrifolia Bauh pol 386333
Pods dehiscent, oblong, puberulous when young, later glabrous, 15-20 by 25 cm (integrifolia Bauh lv/fl 139506).
Seeds 5-8, flat, ovate-orbicular, c. 2 cm diameter.
Distribution
Malesia: Sumatra, Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra (Thailand) southwards.
Habitat
Common from the lowland up to 1200 m altitude.
Vernacular names
Kumpaya, Daup daup (Api), Dedaok (Pahang); Katop katop, Akar tapak kuda (Meroh), Sarau, Kempaga, Mali mali, Mesatoh (Malaya); Andor si bola (Sumatra).
Uses
Bast fibres; sap locally as medicine.
Note
The type of Phanera bicornuta Miquel (U) consists of two sterile branches, some loose leaves, a loose pod and one seed. This specimen was treated by de Wit under Phanera bidentata as subsp. bicornuta. Nothing in the material suggests that it belongs there; most certainly it belongs to Bauhinia integrifolia , even Miquel writes in the protologue that it is close to Phanera polyantha (= Bauhinia integrifolia) .
The drawing of Bauhinia bidentata var. bicornuta in both Flora of Thailand 4.1, f. 5 (bicornuta Bauhinia FT5 ) and in De Wit (1956) p. 496, f. 20 (bidentata Bauh div var Reinwf20 ) seems to belong to Bauhinia bidentata , because of the pore like openings of the anthers, while in Bauhinia integrifolia the anther opening is slit-like.
b. Bauhinia integrifolia Roxb. subsp. cumingiana (Benth.) K. & S.S. Larsen
Morphological description
Deviates from subsp. integrifolia in leaves always deeply bifid; lobes obtuse to acuminate. Pedicels longer, buds larger and ovoid to ellipsoid, 5-10 mm long. Stamens: filaments shorter than petals; anthers c. 3 mm long; Ovary appressed pubescent; style pubescent to sparsely hairy towards the stigma.
Distribution
Malesia: Borneo (Sabah), Philippines.
Habitat
Common in lowland forests.
Vernacular names
Bulakan, Raja barangkat, Kaba-kaba (all Sabah). Agki (Pampangan), Agpoi (Tagalog Bikol), Arabahan (Manobo), Are (Bagobo), Balagon (Chabacono), Banot (Tagalog), Impid (Bikol), Kali-bangbang (Panay Bisaya), Li-bangbang, Lupig, Og poi (Tayalog), Oplig (Iloko), Umpig (Ibanog), Uplig, Upling (Iloko), all Philippineas.
KEY TO VARIETIES
a. Lower leaf surface glabrescent b1. var. cumingiana
b. Lower leaf surface persistently fuscous brown woolly b2. var. nymphaeifolia
b1. Bauhinia integrifolia Roxb. subsp. cumingiana (Benth.) K. & S.S. Larsen var. cumingiana
Leaves with glabrescent undersides.
Distribution
Malesia: Borneo (Sabah), Philippines.
b2. Bauhinia integrifolia Roxb. subsp. cumingiana (Benth.) K. & S.S. Larsen var. nymphaeifolia (Perkins) K. & S.S. Larsen
Leaves persistently fuscous woolly on the lower surface.
Distribution
Malesia: Philippines (Luzon).
Note
There are only four collections, all from Luzon. Of all the characters mentioned by earlier authors only the leaf-hairyness really separates it from var. cumingiana.